European Economic Commissioner Pierre Moscovici, left, talks with European Commission Vice-President Valdis Dombrovskis at a meeting of the European Commission in Strasbourg, France, on Oct. 23, 2018.VINCENT KESSLER/Reuters
The European Commission rejected on Tuesday Italy’s draft 2019 budget because the plan breaks EU rules in an “unprecedented” way and asked Rome to submit a new one within three weeks or it would face disciplinary action
The decision by the European Union executive arm is the first time it has exercised the power, obtained during the sovereign debt crisis in 2013, to send back a budget of a euro zone country that violates the rules.
“Today, for the first time, the Commission is obliged to request a euro area country to revise its draft budget plan,” Commission Vice President for the Euro Valdis Dombrovskis told a news conference.
“But we see no alternative than to request the Italian government to do so. We have adopted an opinion giving Italy a maximum of three weeks to provide a revised draft budgetary plan for 2019,” Dombrovskis said.
The Commission said that the revised budget it expected to receive from Italy should be in line with the recommendation of EU finance ministers from July 13.
In July, EU ministers asked Rome to cut its structural deficit, which excludes one-offs and business cycle swings, by 0.6 percent of GDP. The plan rejected by the Commission increases that deficit by 0.8 percent of GDP.
Italy sent a letter to the Commission on Monday, acknowledging that its draft budget was in violation of EU rules, but insisting it would still go ahead with it.
“The Italian Government is openly and consciously going against the commitments it made,” Dombrovskis said.
Dombrovskis said that Italy had the second highest debt to GDP ratio in the EU at 131.2 percent in 2017 and the highest debt servicing costs in Europe.
“Italy’s interest expenditure stood in 2017 at around 65.5 billion euros or 3.8 percent of GDP, which was broadly the same amount of public resources devoted to education,” the Commission said. Italy believes that its additional spending measure would boost economic growth, helping reduce the debt to GDP ratio.
But the Commission said the growth assumptions were overly optimistic, which also made Italy’s debt reduction questionable.
“Experience has shown time and again that higher fiscal deficits and debt do not bring lasting growth. And excessive debt makes your economy more vulnerable to future crisis,” Dombrovskis said.
“Therefore, if looser fiscal policy affects confidence, it can actually have the opposite effect to growth,” he said.
Dombrovskis noted, that unless Rome changes its draft budget in the next 3 weeks, the Commission was ready to open a disciplinary process against the country, called the excessive deficit procedure, based on the lack of progress in cutting debt – an obligation under EU law.
“In May, the European Commission did not propose opening an Excessive Deficit Procedure related to debt, mostly because of Italy’s broad compliance with its commitments,” Dombrovskis said of a procedure that could entail fines.
“The current plans are a material change, which may require a reassessment of that conclusion. The ball is now in the court of the Italian government,” he said.